Thursday, May 21, 2020
A Critical Review of Samrith Kutco India Limited (SKIL) - Free Essay Example
Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2741 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Marketing Essay Topics: India Essay Did you like this example? SAMRITH KUTCO INDIA LIMITED (SKIL)* Samrith Kutco India Limited (SKIL) was established in 2000. It was a joint venture between Samrith Technical Services Private Limited, set up by the Government of India under the Companies Act 1956 in 1985 and Kutco, a leading consumer goods manufacturer in Japan. Kutco had taken up 50% stake in Samrith, leading to a 50-50 joint venture. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A Critical Review of Samrith Kutco India Limited (SKIL)" essay for you Create order It was not a smooth transition for Samrith Kutco India Limited(SKIL), now a private sector leading consumer durable maker from the Samrith Technical Services Ltd the 100% Central Public Sector Enterprise(CPSE). There were work culture clashes between the Indian work culture and the Japanese work culture existing in the Public sector. Usually the work culture in Public Sector was entirely different from Private sector in India and far more diverse while it is compared with Japanese work culture. The Public sector offered job security resulting at times with lower productivity as compared to private sector. There is overstaffing, which leads to less work load. Even in case of loss making PSEs, companies continue provided perquisites and facilities without thinking. The workers enjoyed more opulent holidays and fringe benefits. Due to all this, the mindset of a person was entirely change when he got the job in PSE. There is every possibility that employees feel a lot of inconvenience an d resistance to change time and again. The Company The SKIL had a capacity of manufacturing 560,000 ACs per annum. Analysts calculated that if the plants were closed for a day, it costed Samrith Kutco Rs 53 crore in revenue and Rs 6 crore in operating profit. If it was closed for two weeks, the sales loss could be Rs 742 crore and operating loss of Rs 84 crore. SKIL sold 98,596 ACs in June 2012. The company reported a net profit of Rs 889 crore over net sales of Rs 25,650 crore for the year ended March 2012. The company believed and devoted to generate value all the way through novelty, inspiration, quality, alliances, candidness and erudition. Samrith Kutco alone made 1.5 million Samrith Kutco families ACs every year. Thatà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â ¢s one AC every 12 seconds. It was AC so as to deliver low cost of operation with immense performance, competency and eco-friendly. Thatà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â ¢s what true value was for the company. A team of over 8500 dedicated and passionate professionals were working for SKIL. This case has been developed by. Santosh Dhar, Shiv Ranjan, and Gharima Bhardwaj. The drive was backed up by two state of the art factories, one at Sonepat, Haryana and the other at Yeshwanthpur, Bangalore, nationwide service centers straddling over 1252 cities and towns and a sales association that spreads across 1252 cities. Samrith Kutco had very dynamic RD department that worked with consonance with team of over 500 engineers and Samrith Kutco dealers and service centers in India. Working shoulder to shoulder with Team the company had added many achievements to its portfolio. With a view to enhance their capabilities, they had thought of setting up a state-of-the-art RD centre in Jhajjar, Haryana at an investment of Rs. 1000 crore. Spread over an area of 200 acres, this RD center was to be equipped to churn out not just high performing ACs, but test procedures among many other advanced facilities. Samrith Kutco believed in: Customer Obsession Fast, Flexible First Mover Innovation Creativity Networking Partnership Openness Learning Policies Samrith Kutco was sensitive to clean environment and made every effort to preserve the environment by continuously improving their environmental management system. They strictly observed environmental laws and continuously reduced the exploitation of natural resources by cut down energy, water and raw materials uses,as efficiently as possible by practicing 3R. By specific environmental training, they spread awareness to all workers working with them wherever appropriate. To manage risks, they had an Occupational Health and Safety Management System and a safe working environment had maintained. They documented all working environment risks, undertaking evaluation, reviews by internal and external and also manage all the important activities to avoid and control loss, injury, damage and infirmity. All was attained by taking after safe work carry out in operations and amid the procurement of another machine, tools instruments and plant. Individuals and Workers of the comp any were consulted that can conceivably hurt wellbeing and security at the work environment. They ensured that business was administered as per pertinent industrial health and security enactments, standards and health and safety policies and procedures regarding occupation and synchronized work related health and safety procedures for every region and location. The procedures meant for taking out work related ailment and wounds to attain to the objective of Zero Harm. Health Safety Performance was one of the parameters of assessment for every single vendors, dealers, builders and even transporters also. According to them all incidents and injuries were preventable and everyone was in charge for their own wellbeing and also that of their courses of action and more over all obligations had been unmistakably characterized for all directors, managers and supervisors. Any hazardous demonstration or condition was highlighted by the supervisor and a brief intercession by the procedure administrator was ensured. SKIL had developed its Corporate Social Responsibility Policy in accordance with section 135 of the Companies Act. Under this policy it attempted to boost employability of deprived adolescence by quality skill training and designing innovative business models that created livelihood for them. Stakeholder engagement and shared value creation was the cornerstones of the CSR programs SKIL. For maximum positive impact, the Company had undertaken social developments in selected villages and local society, in a focused manner. The Company had designed and effectively implemented projects in areas such as drinking water, sanitation, education, rural infrastructure and vocational training with the local community consultation,. The Company was offering scholarships to the meritorious scholars from deprived and economically weaker societies to help them pursue higher education and also support for job oriented technical and occupational skill training. It was also supporting to children orphaned as a consequence of any mishap to their education and training. Further, it had enhanced employability of the youth by partnering with Polytechnic and Industrial Training Institutes. It would also enhance the skills of youth by making them study refrigeration andair conditioning thereby enhancing their employment opportunities in the ACs service workshops. It encouraged and recognized their workers for volunteering serving society and sharing their proficiency and skillfulness. Employee Orientation Samrith Kutco recognized that people were the key to retain competitive advantage and sought to contain the best talent to achieve business results. Annual budgeting was the time at which manpower planning activity would be commenced every year. Company would like to inculcate a universal practice and ethics amongst all its employees. It ensured that all employees shared a universal vision and purpose for the prospect. A planned induction impart ed to new employees to understand companyà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â ¢s history and culture. Company nurtured the budding talent and recognized employee contribution that was exhibited adequate ability and recital. By promoting talented employees to higher position and responsibility, they sought to build ownership and accountability. Company valued employeeà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â ¢s performance in attaining the success of the company. They tacit the need of proper direction for their employees to stimulate them. Moreover they also recognized that employees should be appraised through a well developed performance appraisal system. In order to achieve this company followed a system of annual appraisal of performance. Samrith Kutco valued every employee and believed that employees provided the cutting edge of excellence. They recognized the significance of development and empowerment of employee all the way through holistic training which enabled employees to enrich their knowledge, strengthen capab ility and develop required abilities. They believed that people were the biggest asset to sustained competing advantage. The compensation package was designed with other benefits like medical reimbursement, hospitalization benefits, and accident insurance. Through the policy of reimbursement of medical and hospitalization expenses, they fulfill the medical needs of employees. Company monitored closely controlled shift timings to achieve smooth production operations. Each year they made requisite public holiday calendar to facilitate its workers to partake in Religious Ceremonies, Festivals, National Events. They also encouraged all employees to avail authorized leave and privilege leave by providing allowance which allowed employees to travel with their families. SKIL had the practice of not sparing the employee who reached duties late even by 15 minutes. The employee had to surrender his half day leave. Moreover, if he was seen loitering around beyond stipulated lunch break, he was called and given verbal warning. A memo was issued if he continued to do the same and taken into account in the appraisal of the employee. Challenges With the advent of Global competition the challenges of running manufacturing outfits had surged. Costs and wages had increased, sales were poor volatile. Doing profitable business was becoming difficult. Every company wants to cut down their costs with improved productivity and had contract labour to cope up with situation. SKIL was no exception. It was also feeling the brunt of the existing environment. At SKIL, 40% workers were on contract and their salary was half of the regular workers although SKIL was among the better pay masters in the Industry. In Sonepat, young blue-collar workers had seen dramatic changes around them. Land prices had surged as Sonepat had become a commercial hub. Overnight, people had become rich and their lives had transformed simply because they had sold their lands at high prices. Such c hanges had re-calibrated worker expectation that had seen their surrounding transform into metro city with all modern amenities in a decade. Workers wanted to achieve everything in less time consequently they turn out to be less tolerant and fairly aggressive in their outlook. Poor wage hikes and raging inflation had added to the anxiety, resulting in an impatient, arrogant, intolerant workforce, who believed in taking aggressive stand for their demands. SKIL had many senior Indian executives who had been the backbone of the company and had significantly contributed in giving the company the present stature. But when it came to important decisions Japanese voice counted the most and dominated the crucial decisions. Indians and Japanese were far apart by culture. Japanese sense of discipline, punctuality, employee connect too were very different from Indians. So some loss of connect with Indians was unavoidable. In May 2004, As a part of a new human resources policy, managers and supervisors have authority to recruit trustworthy candidates in their opinion as workers to strengthening trust between management and workers. Company authorized its managers and supervisors to recruit workers they consider reliable as part of a new human resource policy aimed at building confidence between the management and workers. The workers demanded to frame a union that would take their issues to the management and resolve the conflict. But management did not allow them to frame the union in an apprehension that the workers will become all the more demanding. The workers thought that this move of the management was biased and unfair. Workers demanded higher wages to which management did not agree. Management wanted workerà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â ¢s hike in the salary should be performance based which was not acceptable to the workers. The workers in spite of repeated assurance from management that there would be higher wages if they would perform well did not agree. This lead to hig h dispute between management and worker. The company sent termination notices to 300-odd workers, who had been indulging in indiscipline. Workers had dishonored the good conduct bond that was signed by them with the company. Out of 1200 workers at the Sonepat plant, more than 600 were on contractual. The company had promised to employ casual workers as permanent employees. But no action had been taken so far. This was again a matter of dispute. The workers demanded that all terminated workers should be taken back immediately without penalizing them. The management turned deaf ear to the demands. This resulted into high level of dissatisfaction among the workers. They did not find any outlet where they would turn for their grievances. Some Trouble mongers under the influence of certain local political leaders who in their self interest did not want the unit to continue there along with the aggrieved workers went in to rampage. They attacked the HR manager, Ratan Bhardwaj who was t hought to be close associate of the Management and seriously injured him. Bhardwaj who had a narrow escape resigned after he was discharged from the hospital. The conflict continued and management did not want to budge before the workers. In between four HR Managers joined but could not resolve the conflict between workers and management as either party did not move from their stand. The workers threatened the HR Managers of dire consequences and therefore HR managers did not want to risk their lives and left the jobs. In Jan-2006 à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â¬Å"July 2006, there was no HR manager. The unrest had started in May 2004 and continued till 2006. In August 2006, Shantanu Kumar, aged 38 year, an MBA graduate from IIM Ahmadabad joined as HR Manager. He had been already working with this group in Yeshwanthpur, Bangalore and had been associated with CSR active projects. He had worked in UNDP, UC Anti girl trafficking of West Bengal, Bangladesh and Nepal region. The company had full faith in him and was bestowed with the responsibility of curbing the unrest at the unit. It was a testing time for Shantanu Kumar. After joining he started observing that some people were bulling workers not to work by telling them they were highly influential and can go to any extent if workers did not adhere what they were saying. Mr. Shantanu quietly set up network with people like Superintendent of Police, District Magistrate of the local area and kept them informed about what was happening in the company. He decided to take workers into confidence but it was a risk since workers were highly volatile and even could damage him. He started getting regular threats for his life. Shantanu without getting deterred by these threats started visiting the homes of these workers and personally counseled them and told them how this company was giving them bread and butter and how important it was for them to support the company. He even went to the extent of telling them if they would not coo perate, the company can wind up its operation and set up at a new location with the result the workers will lose their livelihood and no other company would like to set up a unit in that location. So the workers and their children will be deprived of the opportunities that the company provided them by giving them better living and quality of life. After visiting each and every family he was able to convince the employees that it is in their interest that they should continue working and take care of the company. He then assured them on behalf of the company that company would take care of them and give due consideration to their demands in due course of time. Road Ahead In December 2006, the company announced that there will be hike of 10% in wages plus bonus for the employees from January 2007. Moreover the terminated employees were also reinstated with immediate effect. This gave relief to Shantanu Kumar as he was successful in convincing the trouble mongers and thereby smoo thing unrest among the workers. With the achievement of Shantanu in settling up the issue which had been troubling the management for years, Management promoted him to Sr. manager (HR GA). Shantanu was further promoted to DGM and made head of the entire unit. It was an achievement for Shantanu Kumar but he could not enjoy it fully as he was still apprehensive about the operations of plants. Although he knew that unrest was resolved at this particular point of time but his worry was that formation of union would not be acceptable to management and workers were very particular about the union as they thought Union was the only tool to get their demands accepted. With this constraint there was every possibility that such kind of unrest among workers would recur in the company and hamper the operations of company. Questions 1. What were the issues of Samrith Kutco India Pvt Ltd? 2. Critically comment on the policies of the company. 3. If you were a consultant to the company, what would you suggest to Mr. Shantanu? 4. As part of a new human resources policy, managers and supervisors have authority to recruit trustworthy candidates as workers? Comments
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Book Report on Rich Dad Poor Dad - 1750 Words
KNUTSFORD UNIVERSITY COLLEGE KNUTSFORD BUSINESS SCHOOL ENTERPRENEURSHIP BOOK REPORT: Rich Dad Poor Dad by Robert T. Kayosaki with Sharon L. Lechter, CPA WRITTEN BY: Richmond Gyamfi Boateng (KBS0035) LECTURER: MR. ANTHONY ANNAN MONDAY APRIL 4, 2011 Rich Dad Poor Dad is a book that presents thought provoking teachings on wealth creation and financial independence. The book can be describes as a narrative motivational novel that features four interesting characters, Rich Dad, Poor Dad, Mike and Robert (the author). Poor Dad is a highly educated professor who despite have worked hard over the years barely meets his household expenses. His believe on money was that money is root of all evil. Rich Dad on the flip sideâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The rich then adopted the concept of corporation as tax shield. This is because, corporations have the luxury to spend all it and the rest taxed. Individuals do not have that privilege. Therefore the rich formed corporations and thereby transferred their entire tax burden to these corporations. So whilst the individual is taxed in his or income before he or she can spend them the rich get the privilege of spending all they can before being taxed. Through this lesson, Robert encourages rea ders to take advantage of the tax benefits of corporations by forming one. Lesson Five: The rich invent money Robert page 140, paragraph one states that, ââ¬Å"we all have tremendous potential and well are blessed with gifts. Yet, the one thing that holds us back is some degree of self doubt. It is not so much the lack of technical information that holds us back, but more the lack of self-confidenceâ⬠. This quotation attests to the importance of believing in the potential, power of imagination and creativity of oneself. He points out that, life outside school is different and that it takes people with ââ¬Å"ballsâ⬠and ââ¬Å"gutsâ⬠who can make on the job market. He stresses that, excessive fear and self doubt are the greatest detractors of personal genius. In concludes, ââ¬Å"in the real world, it is not the smart that gets ahead, but the boldâ⬠. Lesson six: Work to learn-donââ¬â¢t work for money. In thisShow MoreRelatedBook Report on Rich Dad Poor Dad1762 Words à |à 8 PagesSCHOOL ENTERPRENEURSHIP BOOK REPORT: Rich Dad Poor Dad by Robert T. Kayosaki with Sharon L. Lechter, CPA WRITTEN BY: Richmond Gyamfi Boateng (KBS0035) LECTURER: MR. ANTHONY ANNAN MONDAY APRIL 4, 2011 Rich Dad Poor Dad is a book that presents thought provoking teachings on wealth creation and financial independence. The book can be describes as a narrative motivational novel that features four interesting characters, Rich Dad, Poor Dad, Mike and Robert (the author). Poor Dad is a highly educatedRead MorePersepolis Symbols Essay879 Words à |à 4 Pagespleasures and freedoms because this government forbids Iranian families the ability to control their own lives. Iranianââ¬â¢s live in a country that demands they have obedience to their religious culture at all times or pay the consequences. The book, Persepolis, by Marjane Satrapi documents her childhood story using her own eyes to portray what life is like for an Iran child and their family. During 1980 at the age of ten, Marji witnessed government struggles facing Iran, one of which was theRead MorePersepolis Is The Realistic Novel1476 Words à |à 6 Pagesbeen in the headline of the newspaper across Europe. As the result of Marjane mother bravery put fear in her just for short moment. In addition, from Marjane childhood propriety of understanding of the war were based upon listen to the daily new reports on the national TV that Iran is winning the war, yet Marjane knows this is a falsehood. She advises her more seasoned companions that not even the Americans have an armed force as extensive as the Iraqi one that has as far as anyone knows as of nowRead MoreFinancial Literacy8522 Words à |à 35 PagesFINANCIAL LITERACY ââ¬Å"Financial literacy is one of the most important investor basics, especially if you want to be a safe investor, an inside investor, and a rich investor. Anyone who is not financially literate cannot see into an investment. Just as a doctor uses X-rays to look at your skeletal system, a financial statement allows you to look into an investment and see the truth, the facts, the fiction, the opportunities, and the risk. Reading a financial statement of a business or individualRead MoreThe Year Of The Flood By Margaret Atwood1993 Words à |à 8 PagesENG4U - Interim ISU Progress Report The book I have chosen to read for my ISU is Margaret Atwoodââ¬â¢s ââ¬ËThe Year of the Floodââ¬â¢. The book has 434 pages in total and I am currently on page 170. The book is not hard to read, but the fact that it switches from different times and perspectives every chapter, which are not consistent or within a certain pattern occasionally makes it confusing. This book is also different from the books I am used to reading, giving me a unique and interesting change in perspectiveRead MoreKrik Krak By Edwidge Danticat Essay2405 Words à |à 10 PagesPast Present The book ââ¬Å"Krik Krakâ⬠written by Edwidge Danticat contains a story of Danticat in the past and how could she became a famous author today. She was born Haiti and a survivor who escaped oversea to the United States. Danticatââ¬â¢s past is painful and horrible but it influenced her present. The Haitian politics repressed certain group of women and the fear surrounded them everyday. To find her own freedom and her rights, Danticat got on board then arrived at New York. The racist weighedRead MoreEvaluation Report For The Youth Investment And Savings Mobile Application1819 Words à |à 8 PagesTo: Vidya Patil From: Jaime H. Cavazos Date: December 10th, 2015 Subject: Evaluation report for the Youth Investment and Savings Mobile Application Introduction In order for us to find the best way to build and create Revega in order to integrate it with Aviatoââ¬â¢s financial platform, we contacted Dr. Robert Gunzel, Co-Executive Developmental Engineer for Aviato, with an idea for attractive youthful approach to financial investments, we then conduct research on our idea and determine success theRead MoreThe Is The Entitlement Beneficiary?1931 Words à |à 8 PagesJared and Dad, please check out the following articles, information and analysis I am sharing with you. I feel compelled because I am concerned and I care. I think it will take about 30 minutes of your time. Western debt-based, consumption-driven societies have been living beyond their means for a very, very long time. For decades we have been consuming, as a group of people, more than we have been producing and we ve been financing it by mortgaging our children s future through national debtRead MoreAHSC 20Assignment Essay5025 Words à |à 21 Pageswith a different language and climate would limit leisure opportunities shows the importance of providing leisure opportunities for people with such limitations. Part 1: Understanding/Recognizing how Free Time is spent This portion of the report is largely based on data I collected in a time diary (see appended materials). This diary contains all of my activity in half hour intervals over three days. In addition to a description of my activity, I recorded my mood during the time period andRead MoreEssay on Human Gene Therapy1921 Words à |à 8 PagesHuman Gene Therapy Imagine this, you have just married your college sweetheart this past summer. You have now been happily married for over a year and you find out that the two of you are going to be parents. So as the typical soon to be mom and dad so commonly do, the two of you start going to the doctor for checkups to make sure the pregnancy is running smoothly. Early in the pregnancy you hear the worst, your baby has a fatal disease. The two of you are terribly heart broken over the situation
The Return Shadow Souls Chapter 23 Free Essays
That ââ¬Å"nightâ⬠they moved in, choosing the hour while the other estates they passed were darkened and quiet. Elena, Meredith, and Bonnie each picked a room on the upper floor as a bedroom, all close together. Nearby was a luxurious bathing room, with a pale blue and white marble floor and a unique pool shaped like a giant rose, fully large enough to swim in, heated by charcoal, with a cheerful-looking servant to tend it. We will write a custom essay sample on The Return: Shadow Souls Chapter 23 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Elena was delighted with what happened next. Damon bought a number of slaves quietly, in a private sale from a respectable dealer, and then promptly freed them all and offered them wages and time off. Almost all the former slaves were only too happy to agree to stay, and only a few chose to leave or ran away, mostly women in search of their families. The others would remain and become Lady Ulmaââ¬â¢s staff once Damon, Elena, Bonnie, and Meredith left after freeing Stefan. Lady Ulma, was given a ââ¬Å"seniorâ⬠room downstairs, although Damon almost had to use brute force to install her in it. He himself chose a room that was an office by day, since he wasnââ¬â¢t likely to spend much of the night in the house anyway. There was a slight embarrassment over that. Most of the staff knew of the ways of vampire masters, and the young girls and women who came to sew or who lived on the estate and cooked and cleaned seemed to expect some sort of rota to be worked out, with each of them taking turns at being donors. Damon explained this to Elena, who quashed the idea before it could be implemented. She could tell that Damon was hoping for a steady stream of girls, ranging from flowerlike to red-cheeked and buxom, who would be glad to be ââ¬Å"tappedâ⬠like beer kegs for the pretty bangles and baubles that were traditionally given. Elena similarly disposed of the idea of hunting for hire. Sage had mentioned that there were even rumors of a possible Outside connection: a very advanced training course for Navy SEALs. ââ¬Å"And they can come out the worldââ¬â¢s only vampire seals,â⬠Elena had said sardonically, in front of a group of male slaves this time. ââ¬Å"They can go out and bite sharks. Certainly you guys can go out and hunt some humans like a pair of owls hunting mice ââ¬â just donââ¬â¢t bother to come home afterward, because the doors will be lockedâ⬠¦permanently.â⬠She held Sageââ¬â¢s gaze until her expression became a steely glare and heââ¬â¢d hastened off to do something else around the estate. Elena didnââ¬â¢t mind Sageââ¬â¢s informal moving in with them. And after hearing how Sage had saved Damon from the mob that ambushed him on the way to the Meeting Place, she had determined in her own mind that if Sage ever wanted her blood, she would give it to him unhesitatingly. After a few days, when he had stayed around the house near Dr. Meggarââ¬â¢s and then moved with them into Lady Ulmaââ¬â¢s compound, she had wondered if her diminished aura and Damonââ¬â¢s reticence werenââ¬â¢t depriving him of something he should know about. So sheââ¬â¢d thrown broader and broader hints at him, until once when he had doubled over, and then, with tears of laughter (but had it only been laughter?) in his eyes, had come over to her and said that the Americans had a saying, no? You can lead a horse to water, but you cannot make it drink. In his case, he said, you could lead a snarling black panther ââ¬â her normal mental iconic image of Damon ââ¬â to water, if you h ad electric cattle prods and elephant ankusha, but that afterward youââ¬â¢d be a fool to turn your back on it. Elena had laughed until she, too, cried, but had still pledged that if he wanted her blood, a reasonable share was his. Now she simply felt glad to have him around. Her heart was too full already, with Stefan, Damon ââ¬â and even Matt, despite his apparent desertion ââ¬â for her to be in danger of falling for another vampire, no matter how terminally fit they were. She appreciated Sage as a friend and protector. Elena was surprised at how much she came to rely on Lakshmi as each day passed. Lakshmi had begun as a sort of gopher, doing the running around that no one else wanted to, but more and more, she had become Lady Ulmaââ¬â¢s maid-in-waiting and Elenaââ¬â¢s source of information about this world. Lady Ulma was still officially bedridden, and having Lakshmi ready at any time of the day or night, to send messages, was wonderfully convenient. Too, she was someone that Elena could ask questions of that otherwise would get her eyed as if she were crazy. Did they need to buy plates or was food served on a large hunk of dried bread, which acted as a napkin for greasy fingers as well? (Plates had been recently introduced, along with forks, which were all the rage now.) How much were the men and woman of the household entitled to in wages (which had to be calculated from scratch, since no other household paid its slaves a geld, merely clothing them from a community uniform cache, and allowi ng them one or two ââ¬Å"feast daysâ⬠a year)? Young as she was, Lakshmi was both honest and bold and Elena was grooming her to become Lady Ulmaââ¬â¢s right hand, after Lady Ulma had become well enough to be the lady of the house. How to cite The Return: Shadow Souls Chapter 23, Essay examples
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)